����

    In Gibson’s opinion, large composite structures will be proven onshore, in civil infrastructure. “What will happen is that large pultruded parts and those made with other means will become commonplace,” he maintains, “and then the technology will migrate to other areas, including offshore oil.”

    Dr. Charles Dolan of the University of Wyoming points out that carbon fiber is an ideal reinforcement for a variety of offshore structures, from lightweight concrete to tendons and prestressed members, because of its durability and lack of corrosion. But designers need to consider the basic differences between carbon fiber and steel, including stiffness and strength.

    “If you limit the sustained stress in fiber reinforced polymer parts to 60 percent of the tensile strength, that gives you 40 percent of the strain and strength capacity in reserve, for overload conditions. If overloaded, the part will recover to near its initial condition because of the elastic response of the fiber reinforcement. Thus, one could argue that FRP is superior to steel because it may be more serviceable after an overload than a steel structure,” explains Dolan. Under extreme conditions, FRP’s elastic response can reduce the potential for catastrophic failure, as well.

    Will composites be more widely used in deepwater structures? According to Doug Johnson of Lincoln Composites (Lincoln, Neb., U.S.A.), the “mind set” is changing. “The predictability and the ability of composites to lower overall platform costs have been proven, thanks to efforts like the Advanced Technology Program under the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),” says Johnson. “Now, we just need time.”

    As water depths and drilling challenges have increased, the performance benefits of composites have indeed gained notice. This trend should continue as the engineering predictability of the materials is proven in additional field tests.